Legacy

History of SOLID?

Our mission is to enable access to clean and renewable energy for anyone, at any time. We do this by creating an ecosystem for iron fuels as circular energy carriers. In this way, we reduce the emissions originating from heavy industries that currently lack viable solutions.

Iron Combustion

Another technique involves a circular principle in which iron powder is used as a medium for energy storage, also called iron fuel. Iron fuel can be burned to form iron oxide, better known as rust. In this process, a large amount of thermal energy is released that can be used in industrial processes. The resulting iron oxide is a solid material, so it can be captured after the combustion process. It is then reused by regenerating it with green hydrogen into new iron fuel. This way, iron fuel offers a revolutionary method to store energy in a circular and carbon-free fashion.

A detrimental side of iron fuel that it has a relatively low specific energy density, which is the amount of energy per kilogram of iron. Therefore, it cannot be used in applications in which weight is of importance such as cars, trucks and planes. Also, it can only be transported in an economic manner by ship or train. However, most of the heavy industries are located on railways or waterways. Therefore, iron fuel is applicable to those industries.

After multiple years of development by SOLID and its partners, the iron combustion technology reached certain TRL levels that are outside the scope of SOLID. Hence, the development of this technology has been passed on to the industry, especially companies like RIFT and IRON+.

SEPTEMBER 2021
STEAM IRON PROJECT

Having researched the topic of IRHYS and partners to support them, the first official project on IRHYS started in 2022, called the Steam Iron Project, in which a proof-of-concept oxidation system had to be realised.

NOVEMBER 2020
MARITIME PROJECT

With new opportunities presenting itself for metal fuels applications, SOLID looks towards the maritime sector. Compact and clean energy storage for ship propulsion is an immense challenge and the sector has trouble transitioning towards more sustainable fuels. With iron fuel technology, we propose a new means of energy storage and provision in ships.

OCTOBER 2020
DEMONSTRATION AT BAVARIA

“Late 2019, the design and construction of the 100 kW Metal Power system was completed. Ready to demonstrate that the technology does not only function in a lab environment, but also in real-life applications. The system uses iron fuel to produce steam, which will contribute to the brewing process of Royal Swinkels Family Brewers, brewing the first beers using iron fuel!”

FEBRUARY 2020
SUBSIDY REDUCTION PROJECT

A subsidy has been granted to a new consortium to realize a proof of concept iron oxide reduction system and in addition, conduct a techno-economic study concerning the upscaling of such a system. The realization will start in July 2020. Want to know more about this project?

JANUARY 2020
LIVING LAB SUBSIDY PROJECT

Following up on the successes in the Metal Power project, the EU granted a subsidy to scale up and optimize the iron fuel technology. In this project SOLID and its consortium partners will scale up the combustion technology to 1 MW while reaching a TRL of 6.

MAY 2019
MARITIME INNOVATION IMPULSE PROJECT

In May 2019, the Martime Innovation Impuls project (MIIP) commenced. This project is a techno-economic feasibility study concerning iron fuel for various types of ships. The study was finished in December 2019 and published in January 2020. This study covers many important aspects of iron fuel applications in the maritime sector and proves an important source of knowledge for future maritime projects.

JANUARY 2019
METAL POWER PROJECT

January 2019, the Province of Noord-Brabant made one million euros available to build the world’s first industrial iron fuel 100kW demonstration system. In December 2020, SOLID and the consortium finished building the demonstrator researching a TRL of 4/5. Want to know more about this project?

SEPTEMBER 2018
SOLID BECOMES OFFICIAL STUDENT TEAM OF THE TU/E

In September 2018, SOLID becomes an official student team of Eindhoven University of Technology.

SEPTEMBER 2018
CREATING METAL FUELS AWARENESS

After the summer, the proof of concept was shared with the outside world, generating a significant amount of media attention. Spreading the word of metal fuels gave the development a large boost. Since then, metal fuels maintained a permanent position in the spotlights through which it has become a part of the ‘accepted’ energy storage solutions.

JUNE 2018
PROOF OF CONCEPT

To show the world that iron fuel can serve as a magnificent sustainable energy carrier, a team of eleven students realized a proof of concept in the period 2017-2018. They managed to make the world’s first full iron flame proof of concept that produced energy. Want to know about this project? 

AUGUST 2017
FOUNDATION OF SOLID

At the end of the Honors Academy project, the members wanted to continue the development of iron fuel. In order to do so they founded Team SOLID, what was later transformed into SOLID.

MAY 2017
OUR FIRST IRON-METHANE FLAME

The first constant iron-methane flame was created in the lab by the three students who started the Honors Academy project. The creation of a stable iron flame was important as it demonstrated the possibility of iron as a fuel.

OCTOBER 2016
HONORS ACADEMY

Three students of Eindhoven University of Technology (Bart Ruis, Dennis Langelaan & Luc Brinkman) started with an Honors Academy project with metal fuels as their topic of research. The project was initiated by Phillip de Goey, TU/e professor in combustion technology. Based on the fundamental research conducted by McGill University and Groupe PSA in France, they aimed to create an iron flame under the supervision of Mark Cox.

DECEMBER 2015
PAPER: METAL FUELS

In 2015, prof. J.M. Bergthorson & collogues of McGill University in Canada published an article in the Journal of Applied Energy nr 160 pp. 368-382 about the potential of metal fuels and iron fuel in specific. After publication, the first step of the metal fuels journey was made. If you want to read the paper that fueled our interest for iron fuel,